Knowing Neurons

Book Review: Journey of the Mind: How Thinking Emerged from Chaos

September 20, 2022September 20, 2022 Caitlin Goodpaster 0 Comments Book Review, Communication, computational neuroscience, Consciousness, development of language, Evolution, individual, Knowledge, microorganisms, module minds, warning

By Caitlin Goodpaster For the past two hundred thousand years, humans have dominated planet Earth. From the time we were roaming the African savanna, members of Homo sapiens have mastered… Read more

Brain Development Mental Health Science Policy

The Fatal Relationship Between Firearm Policy and Brain Development

September 13, 2022September 14, 2022 Vincent Medina Emotions, gun reform, Limbic system, maturation, policy regulation, Prefrontal Cortex, school shooting, worldwide policy

By Vincent Medina Gun deaths in the United States far exceed those of every other developed country in the world (Sam & Rupp, 2022). This has prompted frequent discussions about… Read more

Aging Brain Development

Neuro Primer: Pubertal Timing

September 12, 2022September 10, 2022 Lauren Granata Anxiety, biological pathway, Childhood, Development, environmental influence, gonadotropins, Hormones, Hypothalamus, KNDy neurons, pituitary gland, puberty, stress

By: Lauren Granata The transition from childhood to adulthood is notoriously turbulent. Teens fumble through these years as they try to finesse a balance between school, extracurriculars, and their ever-shifting… Read more

Infographics

Knowing Migraines – Not “Just” Headaches

September 5, 2022September 7, 2022 Federica Raguseo anti-sickness drugs, chronic migraine, environment, episodic migraine, Genetics, light sensitivity, migraine, nausea, postdrome, prodrome, Sleep, Treatment

For Migraine Awareness Week, from September 5-14 this year, Federica Raguseo created an infographic to raise awareness – click here to read more.… Read more

Neuro News Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Recently reported fraudulent research in Alzheimer’s: does this actually risk a key theory of the disease?

September 2, 2022September 9, 2022 Diana Ortega Cruz Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid beta, brain tissue, FDA, fraudulent research, neuropathological diagnosis, opensource research, PET, Protein, research community, rodent model, Tau, western blot

By Diana Ortega Cruz In previous articles at Knowing Neurons, we have discussed the neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. This neurodegenerative disease has long… Read more

A Close Up Look Infographics

A Close Up Look 17 – Caloric Restriction

August 24, 2022August 24, 2022 Gil Torten Aging, bma1 gene, caloric restriction, clock gene, Diet, Drosophila, fasting, Flies, lifespan, Photoreceptors, phototoxicity, proteins, Retina, Study, visual decline

Read this infographic by Gil Torten to learn more about how retinal light exposure and diet affects the lifespan of flies!… Read more

Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Sensation and Perception

Autism Book Club #1: A Tale of Two Autisms

August 18, 2022August 28, 2022 Lauren Wagner Asperger, Autism, Intelligence, Kanner, neurodivergent, overstimulation, Psychiatry, scientific discovery, Sensory, symptoms

By Lauren Wagner The Neuroscience of Autism, edited by Rajesh Kana, is the most recently published textbook on the history, characterization, and neuroscience of autism spectrum disorder. In Knowing Neurons’… Read more

Aging Cognition

Is Aging a Curable Disease?

August 9, 2022August 13, 2022 Arielle Hogan Aging, Animal research, anti-aging, cell environment, Cells, Central nervous system, cerebral spinal fluid, circulatory system, Cognitive Decline, CSF transfusion, Disease, DNA, gene expression, Longevity, Methylation, parabiosis, Progenitor Cell, White matter

By Arielle Hogan As you sit here reading this article, your cells are working away in your body performing all the diverse biochemical reactions necessary to keep you going. As… Read more

Artificial Intelligence Consciousness

Problems with Assessing Consciousness in the 21st Century

August 2, 2022August 1, 2022 Caitlin Goodpaster algorithm, Artificial Intelligence, brain imaging, Computer Science, Dreaming, EEG, fMRI, language, Machine Learning, study of consciousness, Technology, verbal speech

by Caitlin Goodpaster Early this June, a viral story hit the internet—an engineer at Google had claimed an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot named LaMDA was conscious (Tiku, 2022). LaMDA, which… Read more

Brain Development Infographics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Fragile X Syndrome

August 1, 2022August 1, 2022 Melis Cakar Attention, Fragile X, genes, Genetics, Hyperactivity, Learning Disability, mutation, Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Sensory Sensitivity, synaptic plasticity

July is Fragile X awareness month. Learn more about Fragile X with our illustrator Melis Cakar’s new infographic!… Read more

Big Ideas Sensation and Perception

Evolution and Multisensory Integration

July 28, 2022July 27, 2022 Vincent Medina Animal model, association, Classical Conditioning, multisensory integration, Physchology, Sensation

By: Vincent Medina Vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch. When combined, these form a single coherent perception of the world around us. The combination of senses for this purpose is… Read more

Learning and Memory Mental Health Neuro News

The Female Brain on Hormonal Birth Control

July 19, 2022July 22, 2022 Talia Oughourlian Amygdala, Basal ganglia, birth control, brain structure, contraceptives, fMRI, Gray matter, Hippocampus, Insula, Learning and Memory, MRI, Plasticity, putamen

By: Talia Oughourlian Hormonal contraceptives were introduced more than 60 years ago (OBOS Contributors, 2021) with some commending the contraceptive pill as one of the greatest scientific inventions of the… Read more

A Close Up Look Big Ideas Infographics Neuro News Neuroscience Technologies

A Close Up Look 16 – scRNA-seq

July 11, 2022July 11, 2022 Gil Torten cancer, cell count, Disease, DNA, mutation, Protein, RNA, Treatment, tumor

In this new infographic, Gil Torten discusses single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Read more to find out about what this process looks like and how scRNA-seq can be used in… Read more

Infographics Mental Health Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Knowing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

June 29, 2022August 3, 2022 Sarah Barron Amygdala, Anxiety, depression, Fight or flight, Hippocampus, Insomnia, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Trauma

Innate Interpretations: Poetry and the Brain

June 21, 2022June 21, 2022 James Cole aesthetic, audience, Awareness, Emotion, literary, neuroaesthetics, Perception, poetry, Sound

Written by James Cole “It is a test [that] genuine poetry can communicate before it is understood.” T.S. Eliot A couple years ago I found myself in perhaps one of… Read more

Bias Big Ideas Brain Basics

This Is Your Brain on Twitter: The Neuroscience of Social Media

June 15, 2022June 15, 2022 Carolyn Amir algorithm, belief, Bias, ESMU, Internet, Punishment, Reward, Social Bond, Social media, Technology

Written by Carolyn Amir How has the internet changed your life? How has social media? For many, social media represents a way to stay in touch with old friends, organize… Read more

A Close Up Look A Close Up Look Infographics

A Close Up Look 15 – Retinal Organoids

June 8, 2022June 8, 2022 Gil Torten Optic nerve, organoid, Retina, Retinal ganglion cells, Vision

Interested in the study of the retina and retinal development? Check out this edition of A Close Up Look by Gil Torten to learn more about retinal organoids, the most… Read more

Learning and Memory Neuro Primer

Neuro Primer: Working Memory Capacity

June 8, 2022June 16, 2022 Anne-Laure Le Cunff Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive performance, Education, Learning, Memory, Working memory

The brain has three broad types of memory: sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory briefly holds unprocessed information retained in the sensory system; working memory temporarily stores… Read more

Infographics

Knowing Strokes

June 7, 2022June 8, 2022 Kayla y Lim Blood, diabetes, heart disease, Smoking, stroke

Interested in learning more about strokes? Check out this new infographic by our own Kayla Lim discussing different types of strokes and how to recognize them!… Read more

Brain Basics Culture Multilingual Sleep Spanish

La sabiduría del perezoso ¿Es el sueño una virtud perdida?

May 28, 2022May 24, 2022 Joel Frohlich beta-amiloide, el sueño, enfermedad de Alzheimer, perezoso, placas amiloides, ritmo circadiano, Salud, sueños, Tomografía por emisión de positrones

Artículo original: The Wisdom of the Sloth: Is Sleep a Lost Virtue? Joel Frohlich Traducido por Keya Vijapure En el siglo VI, el Papa Gregorio I recopiló una infame lista… Read more

Brain Basics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Spanish

El legado epigenético del trauma

May 28, 2022May 24, 2022 Eric Harvey ADN, Ansiedad, depresión, Epigenética, Genética, Holocausto, Kristallnacht, Metilación, Rachel Yahuda, TEPT, Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático, Trauma

Artículo original: The Epigenetic Legacy of Trauma Eric Harvey Traducido por Reyna Ediss La tarde del 9 de noviembre de 1938 comenzó con la solemnidad típica del otoño para muchos… Read more

Brain Basics Multilingual Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Spanish

La excitación y la inhibición: El yin y el yang del cerebro

May 28, 2022June 6, 2022 Joel Frohlich Autismo, Balance E/I, Cerebro, complejidad, convulsiones., criticalidad autoorganizada, Criticidad, Electroencefalograma, Epilepsia, Epiléptico, Esquizofrenia, Estado crítico, Excitación, GABA, glutamato, Inhibición, Ley de potencia, Trastorno

Artículo original: Excitation and Inhibition: The Yin and Yang of the Brain Joel Frohlich Traducido por Mariangelina Martínez Para crear un sistema nervioso funcional solo se ocupan dos fuerzas: la… Read more

Did You Know? Multilingual Neuro News Neuroscience Technologies Spanish

La mecánica emocional de la interacción robot-humano

May 28, 2022May 24, 2022 knowingneurons Amígdala, Emoción, Insula, Interacción robot-humano, Nao, red de percepción de la persona, red mentalizadora, Resonancia magnética, Robot, Valle inquietante

Artículo original: The emotional mechanics of the robot-human interaction Knowing Neurons Traducido por Estefany Ochoa Las primeras impresiones son fundamentales. Mientras analizamos a una persona, formamos un breve resumen de… Read more

Brain Basics Multilingual Spanish

Cómo dar gracias como un neurocientífico

May 28, 2022June 6, 2022 Anita Acción de Gracias, Amígdala, Área tegmental ventral, Cerebro, Comida, Corteza, Emoji, Fusiforme, Gracias, Gratitud, Hipocampo, Huida o lucha, melatonina, Nervio, Nervios craneales, Neurociencia, Neurocientífico, núcleo supraquiasmático, olfativo, PLoS, PLOS Blogs, PLOS Neuro, Prefrontal, Receptor, salsera, Sueño, torta de calabaza, Tronco encefálico, Ventral

Artículo original: How to Give Thanks Like a Neuroscientist Anita Traducido por Mariangelina Martínez Estamos rumbo a una reunión familiar tradicional de acción de gracias. Vamos conduciendo por una calle… Read more

Brain Basics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Spanish

Los microbios que nos hacen humanos

May 28, 2022May 24, 2022 Shuhan He Ansiedad, eje cerebro-intestinal, estado de ánimo, gérmenes, microbios, microbiota, probióticos, Salud Mental

Artículo original: The Microbes that Make Us Human Shuhan He Traducido por Dalí Jiménez Cualquiera que se haya manchado de brillantina sabe que inevitablemente la seguirá encontrando muchos días después… Read more

Brain Basics Consciousness Multilingual Sensation and Perception Spanish Videos

La basura huele a verde y los disparos son un arcoíris

May 28, 2022May 26, 2022 Joel Frohlich Azul, Color, Colores, Consciente, El cerebro, El sonido, el violín, Francis Galton, grafema-color, imágenes cerebrales, imágenes con tensor de difusión, la consciencia, la entrevista, la ideastesia, la música, la neurociencia, la sinestesia, los proyectores, Oír, Rojo, Ver, Verde

Artículo original: Garbage Smells Green and Gunshots Are Rainbows Joel Frohlich Traducido por Keya Vijapure Las mentes de las personas son como universos paralelos, siempre inaccesibles entre sí. Nunca somos… Read more

Brain Basics Multilingual Neuro News Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Neuroscience Technologies Spanish Videos

Iluminando el cerebro con la optogenética

May 28, 2022May 24, 2022 Brainfacts.org Alga, Biomimetismo, BrainFacts.org, Canalrodopsinas, enfermedad de Parkinson, Estimulación Cerebral Profunda, Optogenética, Retina, Video

Artículo original: Lighting up the Brain With Optogenetics Brainfacts.org Traducido por Dalí Jiménez Los científicos que estudian el moco de estanque descubrieron su capacidad peculiar de sentir la luz, incluso… Read more

Brain Basics Multilingual Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Sleep Spanish

La pesadilla ineludible del insomnio familiar fatal

May 28, 2022May 27, 2022 Sean Noah Cerebro, Corteza, Enfermedad, Genética, Insomnio, Insomnio familiar fatal, Neurociencia, Neurociencia molecular, Priones, Psiquiatría, Sueño, Trastorno, Trastorno del sueño

Artículo original: The Inescapable Nightmare of Fatal Familial Insomnia Sean Noah Traducido por Estefany Ochoa Una maldición familiar A principios de la década de 1980, un médico italiano estaba investigando… Read more

Big Ideas Brain Development Did You Know? Evolution of Cognition Language Multilingual Spanish

La retención de vocabulario en adultos que aprenden idiomas

May 28, 2022May 26, 2022 Marisa Guajardo adquisición del lenguaje, Aprendizaje, Aprendizaje y Memoria, comportamiento vocal, idioma, idioma nativo

Artículo original: Vocabulary Retention in Adult Language Learners Aurore Bargat Traducido por Reyna Ediss ¿Qué podemos aprender e implementar de la neurociencia para apoyar la retención de vocabulario a largo… Read more

Science Policy

Protecting our Communities with Technology Standards for Future Hydrogen Fuel Combustion Facilities

May 17, 2022May 25, 2022 Marisa Guajardo Air pollution, Cognitive Impairment, environment, Neurodegenerative disease, Policy, Technology

Written by Bineh Ndefru Natural gas-fired plants meet much of the electric power generation need in California. In 2020, natural gas plants generated over 48% of the state’s electricity and… Read more

Multilingual Spanish

¿Cómo sabemos? El valor de los modelos científicos.

May 14, 2022May 15, 2022 Joel Frohlich Action Potential, DNA, EEG, Hodgkin and Huxley, Math, mathematics, modeling, NASA, planet, theory, Truth

Artículo original: How Do We Know? The Value of Scientific Models Joel Frohlich Traducido por Reyna Ediss, Dalí Jiménez, Mariangelina Martínez, Estefany Ochoa y Keya Vijapure. El mes pasado, los… Read more

Aging Infographics Multilingual Spanish

El Día de las Enfermedades Raras

May 14, 2022May 9, 2022 Arielle Hogan Enfermedad de Huntington, Enfermedad Rara, Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica, Síndrome de Rett

Traducido por Alba Peris-Yagüe… Read more

Multilingual Spanish

¿Existe el libre albedrío?

May 14, 2022May 13, 2022 Joel Frohlich Addicción, Alexander Batthyany, algoritmo, Arthur Schopenhauer, autómatas celulares, Benjamin Libet, Dados, Daniel Dennett, Destino, determinismo, Dopamina, Electroencefalografía, Enfermedad de Huntington, indeterminación cuántica, Jack el destripador, John-Dylan Haynes, Libet, Libre albedrío, Michael Gazzaniga, neurodegenerativo, Nucleus accumbent, Philip K. Dick, Pierre-Simon Laplace

Artículo original: Does Free Will Exist? Joel Frohlich Traducido por Es una tranquila tarde de domingo. El profesor Freeman está disfrutando del clima del sur de California en el patio… Read more

Aging Cognition Learning and Memory

Will this new drug change the way we manage and understand Alzheimer’s?

May 10, 2022June 15, 2022 Marisa Guajardo Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, Drugs, Memory decline, Treatment

Written by Diana Ortega Cruz In June of 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved aducanumab, the first drug for the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) that targets… Read more

Brain Basics Sensation and Perception Spanish

Tic, tac: el reloj interno del cerebro

May 7, 2022May 6, 2022 Jenn Tribble cinco sentidos, Dopamina, Einstein, Estado emocional, estrés, patrón temporal, Percepción, Sensación, tiempo

Artículo original: Tick, Tock: Your Brain’s Inner Clock Jenn Tribble Traducido por Elmer Sandoval El tiempo: como palabra, dos sílabas y seis letras, pero como concepto, uno de los engendros… Read more

Big Ideas Brain Basics Did You Know? Spanish Uncategorized

¿Por qué nos hace sentir tanto la música?

May 7, 2022May 6, 2022 Amy Thomas

Artículo original: Why Does Music Make Us Feel So Much? Amy Thomas Traducido por Dalí Jiménez Ya sea que la estemos escuchando a través los pequeños audífonos del iPhone en… Read more

Multilingual Spanish

¿Decisión final? Por qué el cerebro sigue cambiando de opinión

May 6, 2022 Stephen Fleming

Artículo original: Final Decision? Why the Brain Keeps on Changing its Mind Stephen Fleming Traducido por Dalí Jiménez Benjamin Franklin dijo una vez: «Hay tres cosas muy duras: el acero,… Read more

Infographics Multilingual Spanish

Aprendiendo sobre los tumores cerebrales

May 6, 2022May 6, 2022 Arielle Hogan Ependymoma, Glioma, Medulloblastoma, Meningioma, tumores cerebrales

Los tumores cerebrales son masas anormales de tejido que aparecen en distintas partes del cerebro. Los tumores malignos son muy difíciles de tratar, principalmente debido a su localización inaccesible. Traducido… Read more

A Close Up Look A Close Up Look Infographics

A Close Up Look 14 – Microscopy

May 3, 2022May 6, 2022 Gil Torten Electron microscopy, Light, Microscopy, Vision

In this new installment of our infographic series, A Close Up Look, KN Illustrator Gil Torten introduces different types of microscopy used in vision science! Check it out!… Read more

Aging Infographics Movement Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Knowing Parkinson’s Disease

April 29, 2022April 29, 2022 Arielle Hogan Aging, Bradykinesia, Dopamine, Neurodegeneration, Neurological Disorder, Parkinson's Disease

Mental Health Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Science Policy

Criminalization is an outdated approach to the US addiction crisis

April 27, 2022April 26, 2022 Arielle Hogan Cognition, Decriminalization, Drugs, mental health, Opiates, Psychosocial, Science Policy

(And why now is the perfect time to change it) The first time I heard the word prohibition was in eighth grade. The 18th amendment banned alcohol in 1918 in… Read more

Sensation and Perception

Have you ever touched a flavor?

April 20, 2022April 20, 2022 Carolyn Amir flavor, gustatory, Olfaction, Perception, Sensation, taste, Touch

The multisensory perception of taste Starting when we are little children, the role of food in our lives is crucial. The act of sharing a meal is something so universally… Read more

Bias Big Ideas Culture

How Political Bias Changes Our Understanding of Data

April 5, 2022April 5, 2022 Elizabeth Burnette Bias, Cognition, Data, Misinformation, Politics

Data literacy is the ability to understand the results and process of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and reporting data. This skill is becoming increasingly relevant with internet-driven improvements to data accessibility… Read more

Cognition Consciousness Learning and Memory Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Seizure Disorders: An On-Going Mystery

March 29, 2022March 29, 2022 Arielle Hogan Epilepsy, Microglia, Neuroimaging, Neuroinflammation, Neurological Disorders, Seizures, Traumatic brain injury

The word “epilepsy” comes from the Greek epilambanein, meaning “to seize, take hold of, or attack” (Baloyannis, 2013). As evidenced by historical accounts and works of art, epilepsy has existed… Read more

Big Ideas Cognition Psychedelics

Psychedelic Journal Club: The Risk of Flashbacks

March 17, 2022July 14, 2022 Sean Noah flashbacks, hallucinations, LSD, neuroscience myths, Psychedelics

A commentary on the article “Flashback phenomena after administration of LSD and psilocybin in controlled studies with healthy participants,” by Felix Müller et al., published in Psychopharmacology. Following psychedelics’ explosive… Read more

A Close Up Look Aging

A Close Up Look 13 – Aging

March 15, 2022March 14, 2022 Gil Torten Aging, degeneration, Epigenetics, Glaucoma, Senescence, Vision

In this new installment of our infographic series, A Close Up Look, KN Illustrator Gil Torten takes us on a journey through the affects of aging on vision. Check… Read more

Multilingual Spanish Uncategorized

¿Esquizofrenia en un frasco? La historia de la ketamina

March 10, 2022April 30, 2022 Joel Frohlich Anestesia, Antidepresivos, Cerebro, Conexión Sináptica, depresión, Disociación, Dopamina, Esquizofrenia, fenciclidina, glutamato, Ketamina, medicamentos antipsicóticos, neurotransmisor, PCP, Percepción, Sensación, síntomas cognitivos, síntomas negativos, síntomas positivos

Artículo original: Schizophrenia in a Vial? The Story of Ketamine Joel Frohlich Traducido por Dalí Jiménez Nota: La ketamina es una sustancia regulada en los Estados Unidos y en muchos… Read more

Cognition Learning and Memory Movement

How Weight Lifting Gets the Brain in Shape

March 1, 2022May 18, 2022 Carolyn Amir Cognition, Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive Improvements, Cognitive performance, Memory, Neurodegeneration, neuroprotective, Weight Training

Weight trainers often espouse the “mind-muscle connection”. But what actually happens to the brain during strength training? Surprisingly, even a few weeks of weight training alter the nervous system, and… Read more

Events Infographics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Rare Disease Day

February 28, 2022February 28, 2022 Arielle Hogan ALS, Cognition, Huntington’s disease, Neurodegeneration, Pharmacology, Rare Diseases, Rett syndrome

It is Rare Disease Day. And to bring awareness to these diseases that have often been understudied, please read this new infographic that discusses a few of these rare conditions.… Read more

Brain Development Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Face Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorder

February 8, 2022February 8, 2022 Caitlin Goodpaster Amygdala, ASD, Autism, fusiform face gyrus, Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Social Communication

Human beings are a highly social species. In order to survive and thrive, we rely on social exchanges in which we constantly keep track of others’ faces (Leopold & Rhodes,… Read more

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