Brain Archives - Knowing Neurons

Neuro Cartilla: La Atención

August 6, 2021October 23, 2021 Sean Noah Attention, Brain, Brain Basics, Consciousness, Focus, Perception, Vision

Artículo original: Neuro Primer: Attention, Sean Noah Traducido por Sebastián Martínez ~~~ Imaginémonos soportar una clase a las 2 de la tarde en un día sofocante a principios de junio. El… Read more

Multilingual Spanish

Neuro Cartilla: Neurodesarrollo

May 28, 2021August 6, 2021 Gabrielle Torre Apoptosis, Axons, Biology, Brain, Brain development, Brain growth, Cell death, Cells, Cortex, Dendrites, Development

Artículo original: Neuro Primer: Neurodevelopment, Gabrielle Torre Traducido por Sebastián Martínez. ~~~ ¿Cómo se transforma nuestro cerebro en un cerebro? El neurodesarrollo es un proceso crucial mediante el cual todos… Read more

Mental Health

COVID-19 and Mental Health: How Social Isolation Impacts Your Brain

July 27, 2020July 25, 2020 Sophia La Banca Anxiety, Brain, Communication, covid-19, depression, mental health, Oxytocin, social isolation, stress response

Currently, we are facing one of the worst pandemics in human history. Since our means to fight the virus are still limited, social distancing has been the best way to… Read more

Learning and Memory Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Popular Articles

Understanding Noonan Syndrome

December 12, 2018December 12, 2018 Caitlin Aamodt Brain, bullying, Cell signaling, Charles McDowell, G-protein signaling, Genetics, intellectual disability, kinase, Learning, Long-term potentiation, LTP, Meme, Memory, neurodevelopmental disorer, Neuroscience, noonan syndrome, Novartis, phosphatase, Prison, PTPN11, Ras, Rasopathy

This past November the mug shot of Charles McDowell went viral after viewers noticed that the man in the photo had an unusual phenotype- specifically a larger than average neck.… Read more

Aging Culture Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Food for Your Brain: Mediterranean Diet May Help Your Neurons Live Longer

November 28, 2018November 27, 2018 Marco Travaglio Aging, Alzeihmer's disease, Brain, dementia, dietary fat, Fat, Food, income, Learning, MeDi, Mediterranean Diet, Memory, Oxidative stress, socioeconomic status

Historians consider it one of the ‘cradles of civilization,’ but for many scientists today the real value of the Mediterranean basin does not lie in its contribution to history. Home… Read more

Brain Development Culture

What Were You Thinking!?: Teenagers show different processing of positive and negative consequences across adolescence

August 23, 2018August 23, 2018 Jack-Morgan Mizell Adolescence, Adolescent, Adults, Aging, Anterior insula, Brain, Brain activity, Brain vulnerability, Cognitive neuroscience, Consequences, Decision-making, Development, Experience, Harvard, Insula, neurobiology, Neurodevelopment, Neuroscience, Sensory systems, Spindle neuron, Striatum, Teenagers, Teens, Von Economo neuron, WHO, World Health Organization

Anyone who has spent time around teenagers knows they don’t always consider the full consequences of their actions. Just consider the dozens of YouTube videos involving falling dressers or fireworks… Read more

Brain Development Learning and Memory

A Tale of Plasticities

August 15, 2018September 7, 2018 Cameron McKay Adult neurogenesis, Axon, Axons, Basic science, Brain, Cells, Connections, Cortex, Dendrite, Dendrites, Dendritic spine, Development, environment, Experience-dependent plasticity, Gray matter, Hippocampus, Human memory, Humans, Juggling, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Marian Diamond, Memories, Memory, MRI, MRI research, Neurodevelopment, Neurogenesis, Neurons, Neuroplasticity, Plasticity, Rats, Research, Science, Synapse, Synaptic pruning, Synaptogenesis, Taxi drivers, TBI, Traumatic brain injury, White matter

You may have heard it repeated in the media and pop culture that humans’ brains don’t change at all after birth. However, the past several decades of neuroscience research have… Read more

Big Ideas Consciousness Philosophy

Measuring Consciousness in Bits

August 1, 2018August 1, 2018 DanielToker Brain, Claude Shannon, Communication, Consciousness, David Chalmers, Entropy, Giulio Tononi, Information, Information theory, Integrated Information Theory, Neuroscience, philosophy, Psychology, Research, Science, Sensory experience

Consciousness is an ambiguous concept. It can mean a lot of different things, depending on the context. For example, I can say that I am conscious of something, as in, “I am… Read more

Big Ideas Consciousness Interviews Neuro SciFi Philosophy Podcast

[Podcast] Uploading the Human Brain

July 19, 2018July 19, 2018 Alexa Erdogan Alzheimer, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer’s disease, Brain, Calcium imaging, Cnidarians, connectome, Consciousness, Cortex, EEG, Epilepsy, Interview, Jurrasic Park, Knowing Neurons, LEGO, long term depression, Long-term potentiation, LTD, LTP, Microscopy, Neuron, Neuroscience, Neurotransmitters, Parkinson's, Parkinson's Disease, Research, Sci-fi, Science, Science Fiction, SOMA, Upload

n a brand new episode of the Knowing Neurons podcast, we explore the concept of “mind uploading”. How would something like a mind upload really work?… Read more

Brain Basics Neuro Primer

Neuro Primer: Neurodevelopment

July 13, 2018May 31, 2021 Gabrielle Torre Apoptosis, Axons, Biology, Brain, Brain development, Brain growth, Cell death, Cells, Cortex, Dendrites, Development, Infancy, Knowing Neurons, Learning, neurobiology, Neurodevelopment, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroplasticity, Neuroscience, Plasticity, Science, Synapse, Synapses

Spanish Translation also available here: Neuro Cartilla: Neurodesarrollo ~~~ How does your brain become a brain? Neurodevelopment is the crucial process through which every brain is formed.… Read more

Consciousness Sleep

Our Dreams Have Many Purposes, Changing Across the Lifespan

July 5, 2018 Patrick McNamara Brain, Brain Disorders, Cognition, Cognitive neuroscience, Consciousness, Cortex, Dream, Dream state, Dreaming, dreams, EEG, Inception, Multiple personality disorder, Neuroscience, NREM sleep, REM sleep, Research, Science, Science of sleep, Sex differences, Sleep, Sleep disorders, sleep-wake cycle

lthough radically different in terms of their content and feel, the range of dream states are just as complex as waking states. If we look across an individual’s lifetime, we… Read more

Brain Basics Consciousness Neuro Primer

Neuro Primer: Attention

May 31, 2018March 3, 2019 Sean Noah Attention, Brain, Brain Basics, Consciousness, Focus, Perception, Vision

magine suffering through a 2pm class on a sweltering day in early June. Summer’s almost arrived, and it’s hard not to let your mind wander away from the dull information… Read more

Brain Stimulation: Learning Method of the 21st Century

Learning and Memory Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Sensation and Perception

Brain Stimulation: A Learning Method for the 21st Century

April 4, 2018April 2, 2018 Amin Kamaleddin Brain, brain stimulation, Consciousness, Decision-making, Free Will, Learning, neuroprosthetics, premotor cortex, stroke

hat is happening in the brain when you decide to reach your hand and grasp a cup of coffee early in the morning? First, the posterior parietal cortex of your… Read more

Did You Know? Language Sensation and Perception

Language: Your Connection to Others

March 28, 2018March 28, 2018 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Broca's area, Cortex, ECoG, electrocorticography, Fact, Hebbian learning, Karl Wernicke, language, Neuroscience, Pāṇini, Paul Broca, Speech, Wernicke's area

magine what it would be like if you couldn’t communicate with others. Language is a critical aspect of our lives, and it may be one of the oldest academic pursuits… Read more

Big Ideas Consciousness Philosophy

Consciousness: The Final Frontier

February 21, 2018February 21, 2018 Joel Frohlich Anesthesia, Brain, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, complexity, Conscious, Consciousness, Cortex, Death, Evolution, Giulio Tononi, Human, Information, Integrated Information Theory, Lesions, Life, Neurons, Neurophilosophy, philosophy, Qualia, Seizure, Sleep, Solipsism, Systems, Thomas Nagel, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulaion, Zombies

When I walk through my kitchen, I smell fresh food and feel warmth radiating off of it. These internal, subjective experiences are called qualia. I assume that my refrigerator, my… Read more

Brain Basics Neuro SciFi

The Life and Times of the 10% Neuromyth

February 13, 2018February 13, 2018 Gabrielle Torre Black Mirror, Brain, Brain boosters, Default mode network, Epilepsy, fMRI, Functional MRI, Human, Human Brain, Human potential, Humans, Movies, MRI, Myth, Neuroimaging, Neuromyth, Neuroscience, Neuroscientist, Pop Culture, Science Fiction, Seizure, TV

How much of your brain are you using right now? The science fiction answer would be “10%.” And, if you’ve watched enough bad sci-fi, using 100% of your brain would… Read more

Big Ideas Consciousness Philosophy

The emergence of a hive mind: Should we worry?

January 31, 2018February 3, 2018 DanielToker Brain, brain-to-brain communication, Consciousness, Hive Mind, Integrated Information Theory, Memory, Neuroscience, Prefrontal Cortex, Tononi

he term “hive mind” refers to the apparent intelligence that emerges at the group level in some social species, particularly insects like honeybees and ants. An individual honeybee might not… Read more

Brain Basics Did You Know? Sensation and Perception

Neuronal Communication: Electricity and Neurotransmitters

January 24, 2018January 23, 2018 Jenn Tribble Brain, Dopamine, GABA, glutamate, Network, Neuron, Neurons, neurotransmitter, Perception, Receptor, serotonin, Synapse

ith approximately 86 billion neurons in the human brain, it is a complex piece of machinery in charge of movement, sensation, decision-making, and more. Behaviors cannot arise from the work… Read more

Did You Know? Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Narwhal

December 18, 2017December 18, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Narwhal, Neuron, Neuroscience, Ocean, Sense, Weird Animal Brain

Narwhal tusks used to be sold as unicorn horns and were believed to contain magical powers. Now we know a little bit more about these unique tusks, and the truth… Read more

Brain Basics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Sleep

The inescapable nightmare of fatal familial insomnia

October 31, 2017May 27, 2022 Sean Noah Brain, Cortex, Disease, Disorders, Fatal Familial Insomnia, FFI, Genetics, Insomnia, Molecular neuroscience, Neuroscience, Prions, Psychiatry, Sleep, Sleep disorders

A family curse During the early 1980’s, an Italian physician was investigating a mysterious and dreadful disease that had long plagued his family. In earlier generations, this disease had killed… Read more

Did You Know? Movement Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Bite-size science: Cell replacement therapy for Parkinson’s Disease

October 30, 2017October 29, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Cortex, Dopamine, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Motor, Movement, Parkinson's Disease, Research, Science

In Parkinson’s Disease, specific cells in the brain die. Over time, this makes basic movements like walking and reaching for a cup impossible. Researchers are racing to find effective treatments.… Read more

Brain Basics Did You Know? Movement Sensation and Perception

What is the cerebellum?

October 23, 2017October 22, 2017 Cari Ritzenthaler balance, Brain, Cerebellum, Coordination, granule cell, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Movement, Neuroscience, Proprioception, Purkinje cell, Vestibular system

Learn about the mini brain you have at the base of your skull!… Read more

Did You Know? Movement Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Woodpecker

October 2, 2017September 29, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Brain Injury, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Nature, Neuroscience, Prefrontal Cortex, Research, Science, TBI, Traumatic brain injury

Brain damage is a major concern for us humans – car accidents, football, falling backwards. It’s pretty easy to cause a concussion. Woodpeckers, however, pound away daily using much more… Read more

Brain Basics Brain Development Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Sensation and Perception

Schizophrenia in a Vial? The Story of Ketamine

September 20, 2017March 21, 2022 Joel Frohlich Anesthesia, Antidepressant, Antipsychotic drugs, Brain, cognitie symptoms, depression, Dissociation, Dopamine, glutamate, Ketamine, negative symptoms, neurotransmitter, PCP, Perception, phencyclidine, positive symptoms, Schizophrenia, Sensation, Synaptic Connections

Note: Ketamine is a controlled substance in the US and many other countries. Do not use ketamine illicitly. magine an injection that briefly gives you schizophrenia. Now imagine that this… Read more

Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

The Quest for a Successful TBI Treatment

September 14, 2017September 14, 2017 Shuhan He Brain, citocoline, clinical trial, Concussion, dexanabinol, erythropoietin, Glasgow Coma Scale, hypothermia, Neuro-QOL, Neuro-Quality of Life assessment, NIH, Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, Pharmacology, placebo, prelinical stage, progesterone, PROMIS, SmartHealth IT, TBI, TBI-QOL, Traumatic brain injury, Treatment

military veteran who survived a gunshot wound to the head suffers from frequent seizures and memory problems. A motorcycle crash survivor experiences chronic depression and is unable to hold a… Read more

Big Ideas Science Policy Sensation and Perception

Risky Business, or Is It?

September 6, 2017September 7, 2017 Ellen Wann Brain, diabetes, Funding, Golden Fleece Award, Golden Goose Award, John Eng, NIH, Research Funding, Science Policy, Sensation, Somatosensory, stroke, Taq polymerase

iologist Marston Bates once described research as “the process of going up alleys to see if they are blind.” Bates was referring to the inherent uncertainty in predicting and managing… Read more

Did You Know? Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Strawberry Squid

August 28, 2017August 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Color, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Squid, Vision

Also known as the cock-eyed squid, this beautiful and weird creature is unique not only because of its similarities to a strawberry, but also because of its two very special… Read more

Brain Development Neuro News

Mind the Gap: New Evidence on How Neurons Connect Left and Right Brain Halves

August 23, 2017August 23, 2017 Sophie Fessl Alain Chedotal, Brain, commissural axons, Cre-recombinase, Development, dorsal-ventral axis, ephrins, floorplate, Hemispheres, Netrin, netrins, Patrick Mehlen, Samantha Butler, semaphorins, slits, ventricular zone, wiring

ur brains are split into two halves, a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere. While the left brain specializes in languages, the right brain specializes in faces. But the two… Read more

Did You Know? Learning and Memory Neuro News

Bite-size science: The brain remembers without staying the same

August 21, 2017August 21, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Memory, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Research, Science

A new paper published this month in the journal Cell describes an unexpected finding about memory. Researchers used to think that memory required specific activity from the same brain cells… Read more

Neuroscience Technologies Sensation and Perception

Neuromorphic Engineering: Biomimicry from the Brain

August 16, 2017August 16, 2017 Sean Noah Analog, Biomimicry, Brain, Chips, Circuits, Computer, Digital, Engineering, Neuromorphic, Neurons, Sensors, Silicon, Transistors

hat is the brain? Researchers conceive of neurons as information processing units, meaning that the circuits formed by neurons support logical and mathematical operations. In this view, the brain is… Read more

Did You Know? Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Fly

August 7, 2017August 7, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Drosophila, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Nature, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Receptor, Science, Smell, Synapse, taste

Fly lips are called labellum and fly feet are called tarsi. Both the labellum and tarsi contain taste receptors which help the fly find food. Think about that the next… Read more

Big Ideas Neuroscience Art Neuroscience Technologies Sensation and Perception

How Neuroimaging Changes Our View of Science & Humanity

August 2, 2017August 2, 2017 Alexa Erdogan Brain, CLARITY, Cortex, EEG, Fact, fMRI, Greg Dunn, Interview, Knowing Neurons, MRI, Neuroimaging, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Prefrontal Cortex, Research, Science

Magritte’s comments on our fascination with the unknown rings true not just in artistic surrealism, but also in many of our scientific research endeavors. The human mind is continually fascinated… Read more

Brain Basics Brain Development Did You Know? Learning and Memory Sensation and Perception

Reading: The Brain’s Best Hijacker

July 26, 2017June 23, 2022 Gabrielle Torre Brain, Cortex, Development, EEG, Fact, fMRI, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Prefrontal Cortex, Reading, Research

What are you doing right now? I’m no psychic, but I can say for certain one thing that you’re doing: reading. You’re reading this sentence, word by word, and extracting… Read more

Did You Know? Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Brittle Star

July 24, 2017July 23, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Color, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Nature, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Research, Science, Vision

Brittle stars are covered in protective outer plates, but they also have another structure of internal plates. A particular species of brittle star seems to be able to use these… Read more

Did You Know? Interviews Neuroscience Art Sensation and Perception

Self Reflected: The Best of Neuroscience and Art

July 19, 2017July 16, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Art, Brain, Color, Consciousness, Cortex, Genetics, Interview, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Prefrontal Cortex, Science

The phrase, “beauty is in the eye of the beholder” seems especially true for scientists. What we study becomes not only intellectually beautiful, but also literally beautiful: the form is… Read more

Did You Know? Sensation and Perception

Bite-size Science: Immune Cells use Neurotransmitter to Communicate

July 17, 2017July 16, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Immune System, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Receptor, Synapse

Researchers have suspected for a few years that neurotransmitters like dopamine play a role in how the immune system functions. But they didn’t know how cells in the immune system… Read more

Did You Know? Uncategorized Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Moth

July 10, 2017July 9, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Antenna, Brain, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Nature, Neuron, Neurons, Perception, Science, Smell

These beautiful little creatures are incredibly skilled at sniffing out mates. The pheromone the females release is called bombykol. Scientists are on the hunt for exactly how this pheromone activates… Read more

Did You Know? Movement Neuroscience Art Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Platypus

June 26, 2017June 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Perception, Platypus, Receptor

The platypus and the echidna are the only mammals that have the power of electroreception, which means they can sense electrical changes. Check out this new Weird Animal Brain to… Read more

Aging Did You Know? Learning and Memory Movement Neuro News

Bite-size Science: Epigenetics help protect the aging brain

June 19, 2017June 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Alzheimer’s disease, Brain, Cortex, DNA, Epigenetics, gene, Genetics, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Memory, Nature, Nature Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Prefrontal Cortex, Receptor, Research, Science

Epigenetics change which genes are active and which are inactive. Research over the past few years has shown that these changes are important for protecting the brain from neurodegeneration and… Read more

Did You Know? Movement Neuroscience Art Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Sea Squirt

June 12, 2017June 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Development, Infographic, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Ocean, Perception, Receptor, Sea Squirt

The brain is one of the most complex and amazing structures in the universe. It allows us to experience the world, feel, remember, and plan for the future. But for… Read more

Big Ideas Did You Know? Interviews

Spinning Logic

May 24, 2017June 30, 2017 Kate Fehlhaber Brain, Conversation, Future, Interview, Kate Fehlhaber, Neuroscience, Perception, Podcast, SciComm, Spinning Logic, STEM, Vision, Women

I had the opportunity to speak with Jason Havey, host of the Spinning Logic podcast! And it was a blast!!… Read more

Brain Basics Neuro News Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Can We Trust MRI Research? It’s Complicated.

March 29, 2017June 22, 2022 Rachel Jonas ADHD, Alzheimer's, Brain, Default mode network, DMN, fMRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI, Neuroimaging, Psychiatry

The first human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was acquired almost 40 years ago. The scanner — hand-built by Dr. Raymond Damadian with the help of his two postdoctoral fellows… Read more

Brain Basics Brain Development Did You Know? Learning and Memory Neuro News Neuroscience Technologies Sensation and Perception

How does fundamental research help you?

March 15, 2017June 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber 2017, Alzheimer’s disease, Brain, Conference, Development, Fact, Florida, Infographic, Institute, Knowing Neurons, Learning, Max Planck, Memory, Neuron, Neuroscience, Perception, Receptor, Research, Science, Sunposium, Synapse

Sometimes it’s hard to understand why scientists do what they do. Why spend a career studying cells, fungus, or flies? Other than being nerdy and wanting to learn about our… Read more

Brain Basics Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Excitation and Inhibition: The Yin and Yang of the Brain

January 25, 2017June 30, 2017 Joel Frohlich Autism, Brain, complexity, Critical State, Criticality, Disorder, E/I Balance, EEG, Electroencephalogram, Epilepsy, Epileptic, Excitation, GABA, glutamate, Inhibition, Power law, Schizophrenia, Seizure, Self-organized criticality, SOC

To make a working nervous system, only two forces are necessary: excitation and inhibition.… Read more

Did You Know? Movement Sensation and Perception Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Octopus

January 9, 2017June 5, 2019 Kayleen Schreiber Brain, Fact, Infographic, Knowing Neurons, Neuron, Neurons, Neuroscience, Octopus, Perception, Weird Animal Brain

The octopus almost reaches alien status when it comes to its brain and nervous system. And yet, the differences can help us understand more about the human brain as well… Read more

Did You Know? Neuroscience Technologies

Stimulating Neural Circuits with Magnetism

January 4, 2017June 30, 2017 Joel Frohlich Brain, Broca, Cortex, DBS, Deep Brain Stimulation, depression, Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex, ECT, EEG, electroconvulsive therapy, Motor, Parkinson's, Parkinson's Disease, Prefrontal, Prefrontal Cortex, rDCS, Seizure, TMS, transcranial direct current stimulation, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Brain stimulation might sound like some Frankensteinian demonstration from a Victorian science fair. But in reality, it is a contemporary technique making a huge impact in neuroscience by addressing a… Read more

Brain Basics

How to Give Thanks Like a Neuroscientist

November 23, 2016June 30, 2017 Anita Amygdala, Brain, Brain stem, Cortex, Cranial nerves, Emoji, Flight or fight, Food, Fusiform, Gratitude, gravy boat, Hippocampus, melatonin, Nerve, Neuroscience, Neuroscientist, olfactory, PLoS, PLOS Blogs, PLOS Neuro, Prefrontal, Pumpkin pie, Receptor, Sleep, suprachiasmatic nucleus, Thanks, Thanksgiving, Ventral, Ventral Tegmental Area, VTA

You’re on your way to the traditional Thanksgiving family get-together. You drive down a familiar street, locate your familiar house, and park in a familiar spot.… Read more

Did You Know? Weird Animal Brain

Weird Animal Brain: Manta Ray

November 21, 2016June 30, 2017 Kayleen Schreiber Artery, Blood, Brain, Cortex, Dive, Elasmobrach, Infographic, Manta Ray, Marine Biology, Neuroscience, Ocean, Retia mirabilia, Swim, Vein, Warm

Last month, on the big island of Hawaii, I swam with giant, beautiful aliens. Or at least that’s what it felt like. I went night snorkeling with manta rays and… Read more